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【单选题】
Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.
Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data,24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995, more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.
Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firm’s health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save.
Frequent checks of your firm’ s vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot idea.
According to the text, the main difference between a multinational corporation and a small business lies in
A.
the proportion of work force.
B.
the frequency appeared on the headlines.
C.
the number of the workers.
D.
the way of opening a business.
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参考答案：
举一反三
【单选题】PAR的计算公式是
A.
It(人群发病率)-Iu(非暴露组发病率)
B.
Ie(暴露组发病率)-Iu
C.
Ie/Iu
D.
(RR-1)/RR×100%
E.
Pe(RR-1)Pe(RR-1)+1×100%
【单选题】女性，45岁，风湿性二尖瓣狭窄20年，心悸、气短5年。1个月来咳嗽，咳黄痰，喘憋，不能进行任何体力活动，夜间不能平卧。查体：端坐位，颈静脉曲张，心率130次/min，心律绝对不齐，心音强弱不等，二尖瓣听诊区可闻及舒张期隆隆样杂音及奔马律。 针对该患者的心律失常，首选治疗为
A.
利尿剂
B.
硝酸甘油
C.
控制心室率
D.
抗凝治疗
E.
ACEI类药物
【单选题】In the dimly lit cyber-cafe at Sciences-Po, hot-house of the French elite, no Gauloise smoke fills the air, no dog-eared copies of Sartre lie on the tables. French students are doing what all students...
A.
the French law and the American law.
B.
the commercial value and the cultural value.
C.
the traditional views and the modern views.
D.
the law of market and the law of commerce.
【单选题】Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of t...
A.
the future of the small businesses is promising and undoubtedly encouraging.
B.
all those who leave their jobs will be a boss of a small business.
C.
everyone should look before they leap when they decide managing small business.
D.
the success of small business solely depends on the bosses who perform their last jobs.
【单选题】malleableAccording to the passage, most educators believe that many kids （）. A．show a lack of academic ambition at birth B．amaze their parents by acting like adults C．become less ambitious as they gro...
A.
Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inseparately tied to their children’s success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it is no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.
B.
It’s not quite that simple. "Kids can be given the opportunities, but they can’t be forced," says Jaequelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan who led a study examining what motivated first-and-seventh-graders in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.
C.
Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. The message is that everything is within the kids’ control, that their intelligence is malleable.
D.
Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. Some educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. "The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions," says Michael Nakkula, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to tell them the notion that classwork is irrelevant is not true, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that they have to learn to walk before they can run.
【单选题】According to the speaker, how do developers contribute to the reduction of amphibian population () A．By taking over ponds. B．By constructing sewers. C．By building dams on rivers. D．By flooding marshes...
A.
I want to talk today about some studies. They seem to indicate that there is a startling world-wide decline in the number of amphibians, such as flogs, toads and salamanders. There’s little doubt that one reason why the number of amphibians is declining is their habitats have been destroyed when the developers fill in ponds and marshes to build houses. Amphibians can’t just move somewhere. They need water to lay their eggs in. Another problem is the growing fish industry. Another range of popular pool fish such as carp have been introduced to many lakes and ponds all over the world. Raising and selling these fish can be profitable, but the fish eat the eggs and offspring of amphibians that were already living in the lakes and ponds. Other factors could be contributing to the decline include acid rain and the spread of pesticide residues. Many pesticides that farmers added to their crops are eventually washed away bythe rain and end upin pondsand other bodies of water where amphibians live. Amphibians are especially vulnerable to pesticides dissolved in the water because of their moist skins. Water can pass through amphibians allowing toxins dissolved in the water to enter the amphibians’body.
相关题目：
【单选题】PAR的计算公式是
A.
It(人群发病率)-Iu(非暴露组发病率)
B.
Ie(暴露组发病率)-Iu
C.
Ie/Iu
D.
(RR-1)/RR×100%
E.
Pe(RR-1)Pe(RR-1)+1×100%
【单选题】女性，45岁，风湿性二尖瓣狭窄20年，心悸、气短5年。1个月来咳嗽，咳黄痰，喘憋，不能进行任何体力活动，夜间不能平卧。查体：端坐位，颈静脉曲张，心率130次/min，心律绝对不齐，心音强弱不等，二尖瓣听诊区可闻及舒张期隆隆样杂音及奔马律。 针对该患者的心律失常，首选治疗为
A.
利尿剂
B.
硝酸甘油
C.
控制心室率
D.
抗凝治疗
E.
ACEI类药物
【单选题】In the dimly lit cyber-cafe at Sciences-Po, hot-house of the French elite, no Gauloise smoke fills the air, no dog-eared copies of Sartre lie on the tables. French students are doing what all students...
A.
the French law and the American law.
B.
the commercial value and the cultural value.
C.
the traditional views and the modern views.
D.
the law of market and the law of commerce.
【单选题】Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of t...
A.
the future of the small businesses is promising and undoubtedly encouraging.
B.
all those who leave their jobs will be a boss of a small business.
C.
everyone should look before they leap when they decide managing small business.
D.
the success of small business solely depends on the bosses who perform their last jobs.
【单选题】malleableAccording to the passage, most educators believe that many kids （）. A．show a lack of academic ambition at birth B．amaze their parents by acting like adults C．become less ambitious as they gro...
A.
Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler starting to talk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, around the start of middle or junior high school, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up joining the ranks of underachievers. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often inseparately tied to their children’s success, it can be a bewildering, painful experience. So it is no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.
B.
It’s not quite that simple. "Kids can be given the opportunities, but they can’t be forced," says Jaequelynne Eccles, a psychology professor at the University of Michigan who led a study examining what motivated first-and-seventh-graders in three school districts. Even so, a growing number of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in students who don’t seem to have much. They say that by instilling confidence, encouraging some risk taking, being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful, both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.
C.
Dubbed Brainology, the unorthodox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life. The message is that everything is within the kids’ control, that their intelligence is malleable.
D.
Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. Some educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurricular activities. "The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions," says Michael Nakkula, a Harvard education professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF (Inventing the Future), which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to tell them the notion that classwork is irrelevant is not true, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. Like any ambitious toddler, they need to understand that they have to learn to walk before they can run.
【单选题】According to the speaker, how do developers contribute to the reduction of amphibian population () A．By taking over ponds. B．By constructing sewers. C．By building dams on rivers. D．By flooding marshes...
A.
I want to talk today about some studies. They seem to indicate that there is a startling world-wide decline in the number of amphibians, such as flogs, toads and salamanders. There’s little doubt that one reason why the number of amphibians is declining is their habitats have been destroyed when the developers fill in ponds and marshes to build houses. Amphibians can’t just move somewhere. They need water to lay their eggs in. Another problem is the growing fish industry. Another range of popular pool fish such as carp have been introduced to many lakes and ponds all over the world. Raising and selling these fish can be profitable, but the fish eat the eggs and offspring of amphibians that were already living in the lakes and ponds. Other factors could be contributing to the decline include acid rain and the spread of pesticide residues. Many pesticides that farmers added to their crops are eventually washed away bythe rain and end upin pondsand other bodies of water where amphibians live. Amphibians are especially vulnerable to pesticides dissolved in the water because of their moist skins. Water can pass through amphibians allowing toxins dissolved in the water to enter the amphibians’body.
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