The cohesiveness(内聚力 ) of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine practices and s. For a growing share of the American labor force, however, working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--what we here call "shift work"--makes the lives of families difficult. Existing research shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage,including sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed, even when wives worked outside their homes, a proper marriage is characterized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to sup-port the family ;wives arc "homemakers" who clean, cook, and care for husbands and children. The women's definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife's response: I expect him to be a good provider, and be there when I need him, loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me,expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speaking, when it' s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.To husbands,a good wife is someone who is: Understanding of what I feel go through at work. I need that respect at work,I hope I get it al work. I want my wife to realize what I expect at work. I don' t want her to give me a lot of shift when I come home from work because I don' t know if this makes much sense. These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers. 1. Despite , shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life. [ A ] traditional beliefs about marriage [ B ] Jack of control over time [ C ] a very clear division of roles [ D ] the demands of work 2. From the selection, we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with [A] their work [ B ] their children [ C ] their husbands' inability to protect the family and provide companionship [D] leisure activities 3. What is implied by the author? [ A ] Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.[ B ] Shift workers could live a normal life. [ C] Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage. [ D ] Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families. 4. In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers, [ A] wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent [ B ] shift work couples must administer their time and activities [ C ] wives mustn' t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands' [ D ] all of these work 5. The best title for this paragraph is [ A ] Constructing Family Life [ B ] Managing Time and Activities [ C ] The Meaning of Marriage [ D ] Living a Normal Life