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【简答题】

Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.It is easy to miss amid the day-to-day headlines of global economic recession, but there is a less obvious kind of social upheaval(剧变)underway that is fast changing both the face of the planet and the way human beings live. That change is the rapid growth in ization. In 2008, for the first time in human history, more than half the world’s population was living in towns and cities. And as a recently published paper shows, the process of ization will only accelerate in the decades to come—with an enormous impact on biodiversity and potentially on climate change.As Karen Seto, the lead author of the paper, points out, the wave of ization isn’t just about the migration of people into environments, but about the environments themselves becoming bigger to provide enough room for all those people. The rapid expansion of areas will have a huge impact on biodiversity hotspots and on carbon emissions in those areas.Humans are the ultimate invasive species—when they move into new territory, they often displace the wildlife that was already living there. And as land is cleared for those new cities—especially in the dense tropical forests-carbon will be released into the atmosphere as well. It’s true that as people in developing nations move from the countryside to the city, the shift may reduce the pressure on land, which could in turn be good for the environment. This is especially so in desperately poor countries, where residents in the countryside slash and burn forests each growing season to clear space for farming. But the real difference is that in developing nations, the move from rural areas to cities often leads to an accompanying increase in income—and that increase leads to an increase in the consumption of food and energy, which in turn causes a rise in carbon emissions. Getting enough to eat and enjoying the safety and comfort of living fully on the grid is certainly a good thing—but it does carry an environmental price.The ization wave can’t be stopped—and it shouldn’t be. But Seto’s paper does underscore the importance of managing that transition. If we do it the right way, we can reduce ization’s impacts on the environment “There’s an enormous opportunity here, and a lot of pressure and responsibility to think about how we ize,” says Seto. “One thing that’s clear is that we can’t build cities the way we have over the last couple of hundred years. The scale of this transition won’t allow that.” We’re headed towards an planet no matter what, but whether it becomes heaven or hell is up to us.01. What issue does the author try to draw people’s attention to?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. The shrinking biodiversity worldwide.B. The rapid increase of world population.C. The ongoing global economic recession.D. The impact of accelerating ization.02. In what sense are humans the ultimate invasive species? __[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. They are much greedier than other species.B. They are a unique species born to conquer.C. They force other species out of their territories.D. They have an urge to expand their living space.03. In what way is ization in poor countries good for the environment?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. More land will be preserved for wildlife.B. The pressure on farmland will be lessened.C. Carbon emissions will be considerably reduced.D. Natural resources will be used more effectively.04. What does the author say about living comfortably in the city? __[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. It incurs a high environmental price.B. It brings poverty and insecurity to an end.C. It causes a big change in people’s lifestyle.D. It narrows the gap between city and country.05. What can be done to minimize the negative impact of ization according to Seto? __[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. Slowing down the speed of transition.B. Innovative use of advanced technology.C. Appropriate management of the process.D. Enhancing people’s sense of responsibility.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.When George Orwell wrote in 1941 thatEnglandwas “the most class-ridden country under the sun”, he was only partly right. Societies have always had their hierarchies, with some group perched at the top. In the Indian state of Bihar the Ranveer Sena, an upper-caste private army, even killed to stay there.By that measure class in Britain hardly seems entrenched (根深蒂固的) But in another way Orwell was right, and continues to be. As a new YouGov poll shows, Britons are surprisingly alert to class - both their own and that of others. And they still think class is sticky. According to the poll, 48% of people aged 30 or over say they expect to end up better off than their parents. But only 28% expect to end up in a different class. More than two-thirds think neither they nor their children will leave the class they were born into.What does this thing that people cannot escape consist of these days? And what do people look at when decoding which class someone belongs to? The most useful identifying markers, according to the poll, are occupation, address, accent and income, in that order. The fact that income comes fourth is revealing: though some of the habits and attitudes that class used to define are more widely spread than they were, class still indicates something less blunt than mere wealth.Occupation is the most trusted guide to class, but changes in the labour market have made that harder to read than when Orwell was writing. Manual workers have shrunk along with farming and heavy industry as a proportion of the workforce, while the number of people in white-collar jobs has surged. Despite this striking change, when they were asked to place themselves in a class, Brits in 2006 huddled in much the same categories as they did when they were asked in 1949. So, jobs, which were once a fairly reliable guide to class, have become misleading.A survey conducted earlier this year by Expertian shows how this convergence on similar types of work has blurred class boundaries. Expertian asked people in a number of different jobs to place themselves in the working class or the middle class. Secretaries, waiters and journalists were significantly more likely to think themselves middle-class than accountants, computer programmers or civil servants. Many new white-collar jobs offer no more autonomy or better prospects than old blue-collar ones. Yet despite the muddle over what the markers of class are these days, 71% of those polled by YouGov still said they found it very or fairly easy to figure out which class others belong to.In addition to changes in the labour market, two other things have smudged the borders on the class map. First, since 1945Britainhas received large numbers of immigrants who do not fit easily into existing notions of class and may have their own pyramids to scramble up. The flow of new ar has increased since the late 1990s, multiplying this effect.Second, barriers to fame have been lowered. Britain’s fast-growing ranks of celebrities-like David Beckham and his wife Victoria- form a kind of parallel aristocracy open to talent, or at least to those who are uninhibited enough to meet the requests of television producers. This too has made definitions more complicated.But many Brits, given the choice, still prefer to identify with the class they were born into rather than that which their jobs or income would suggest. This often entails pretending to be more humble than is actually the case: 22% of white-collar workers told YouGov that they consider themselves working class. Likewise, the Expertian survey found that one in ten s who call themselves working class are among the richest asset-owners, and that over half a million households which earn more than $191,000 a year say they are working class. Pretending to be grander than income and occupation suggest is rarer, though it happens too.If class no longer describes a clear social, economic or even political status, is it worth paying any attention to? Possibly, yes. It is still in most cases closely correlated with educational attainment and career expectations.06. Why does the author say “... Orwell was right, and continues to be” (Paragraph Two)?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. Because there was stronger class consciousness in India.B. Because more people hope to end up in a higher class.C. Because Britons are still conscious of their class status.D. Because people expect to gain more wealth than their parents.07. “...class still indicates something less blunt than mere wealth” (Paragraph Three) means that__[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. class is still defined by its own habits and attitudes.B. class would refer to something more subtle than money.C. people from different classes may have the same habits or attitudes.D. income is unimportant in determining which class one belongs to.08. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? __[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. White-collar workers would place themselves in a different class.B. People with different jobs may place themselves in the same class.C. Occupation and class are no longer related with each other.D. Changes in the workforce have made it difficult to define class.09. Which of the following is NOT a cause to blur class distinction?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. Notions of class by immigrants.B. Changing trends of employment.C. Easy access to fame.D. Fewer types of work.10. When some successful white-collar workers choose to stay in the working class, it implies that they are__[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. showing self-respect.B. showing modesty.C. expressing boastfulness.D. an understatement.

题目标签:根深蒂固选项
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参考答案:
举一反三

【多选题】“网民来自老百姓,老百姓上了网,民意也就上了网。群众在哪儿,我们的领导干部就要到哪儿去。”对此,以下选项正确的有()。

A.
党要情为民所系、利为民所谋
B.
党要全心全意为人民服务
C.
党要不断提高执政能力,才能精准施策
D.
党要与时俱进,重视网络管理

【多选题】以下选项符合待配母猪的有()。

A.
后备母猪
B.
后备母猪首次配种后发生妊娠中断后
C.
哺乳母猪断奶后
D.
妊娠母猪妊娠中断后

【多选题】下列选项中,( )符合《劳动法》对女工特殊保护的规定。

A.
根据妇女生理特点组织劳动就业,实行男女同工同酬
B.
禁止安排女职工从事矿山井下劳动
C.
禁止安排女职工从事国家规定的第四级体力劳动强度的劳动
D.
不得安排女职工从事有毒有害劳动
E.
用人单位应当对女职工定期进行健康检查

【单选题】下列各选项正确的是( ).

A.
若收敛
B.
若都收敛
C.
若正项级数
D.
若级数收敛,且an≥bn(n=1,2,…),则级数也

【单选题】下列选项中不是甲亢的临床表现()

A.
周期性麻痹
B.
周围血管征
C.
月经量过多
D.
肌无力及肌萎缩
E.
大便次数增多
相关题目:
【多选题】“网民来自老百姓,老百姓上了网,民意也就上了网。群众在哪儿,我们的领导干部就要到哪儿去。”对此,以下选项正确的有()。
A.
党要情为民所系、利为民所谋
B.
党要全心全意为人民服务
C.
党要不断提高执政能力,才能精准施策
D.
党要与时俱进,重视网络管理
【多选题】以下选项符合待配母猪的有()。
A.
后备母猪
B.
后备母猪首次配种后发生妊娠中断后
C.
哺乳母猪断奶后
D.
妊娠母猪妊娠中断后
【多选题】下列选项中,( )符合《劳动法》对女工特殊保护的规定。
A.
根据妇女生理特点组织劳动就业,实行男女同工同酬
B.
禁止安排女职工从事矿山井下劳动
C.
禁止安排女职工从事国家规定的第四级体力劳动强度的劳动
D.
不得安排女职工从事有毒有害劳动
E.
用人单位应当对女职工定期进行健康检查
【单选题】下列各选项正确的是( ).
A.
若收敛
B.
若都收敛
C.
若正项级数
D.
若级数收敛,且an≥bn(n=1,2,…),则级数也
【单选题】下列选项中不是甲亢的临床表现()
A.
周期性麻痹
B.
周围血管征
C.
月经量过多
D.
肌无力及肌萎缩
E.
大便次数增多
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