阅读理解。 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thin g.However, there is nothing fixed aboutattitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particularer was, thought to lie in public baths.By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry Ⅳ, King of France, was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should notgo out. Though the belief in the merit of dirt was longlived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighborever since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of pring disease.Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need tobe whiter than white, cloths ever softer, suces to shine.Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, anAmerican immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.1. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because _____.A. they lived healthily in a dirty environmentB. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inC. they believed disease could be spread in public bathsD. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease2. Which of the following best describes Henry Ⅳ's attitude to bathing?A. Afraid. B. Curious.C. Approving. D. Uninterested.3. How does the passage mainly develop?A. By providing examples.B. By comparisons.C. By following the order of time.D. By following the order of importance.4. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To stress the role of dirt.B. To introduce the history of dirt.C. To call attention to the er of dirt.D. To present the change of views on dirt.