Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork,because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said,“Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.”And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are “untouched by human hands”and therefore safe from human temptation.Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal.

Computer criminals don't use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence.(80) A computer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.

Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair.Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days' notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the company's computerized records.

Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip ofthe iceberg”. As one official says,“I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing—the ones who really know how a computer works.”

Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork,because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said,“Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.”And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are “untouched by human hands”and therefore safe from human temptation.Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal.

Computer criminals don't use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence.(80) A computer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.

Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair.Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days' notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the company's computerized records.

Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip ofthe iceberg”. As one official says,“I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing—the ones who really know how a computer works.”

Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

(76)In the ancient world, as in today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play to step into the roles and responsibilities of the world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts ofthe world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt,the America, China, Japan and among the Arctic people, generally the same kinds oftoys appeared.Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings.(77)Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for use. The progress from the wheel to the ox cart to the automobile is a direct line ofascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3, 000 B. C. to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations ofavailable materials.

It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios________after 11 o’clock at night.