Escaping from the Earth
The Earth has a force that pulls things toward itself．We call this force gravity(地心引力)．This is something we live with all the time, and we take it for granted and hardly ever think about it．But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must be overcome if we are to get anywhere in space, or off the ground at all.
Take the throwing of a hall as an example．The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go．What is the secret? Its speed．If we could throw the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down．The speed at which it would have to be thrown to do this is known as escape speed．Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from the Earth's gravity is seven miles per second, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour.
Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecraft(宇宙飞船), no further power is needed．A rocket aimed at the Moon, for instance, will 'coast'(滑行) the rest of the way be cause the Earth's gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance(阻力) in space to slow it down．This 'coasting' is known as 'free fall'．That does not mean the rocket is falling down towards the Earth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill.
Free fall is an important feature of space travel: it would be impossible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.
What is the most important factor for a rocket to escape from the Earth?