Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.“Deep reading”—as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web—is an enered practice, one we ought to take steps to preserve as we would a historic building or a significant work of art. Its disappearance would jeopardize the intellectual and emotional development of generations growing up online, as well as the preservation of a critical part of our culture: the novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be appreciated only by readers whose brains, quite literally, have been trained to understand them.Recent research in cognitive science and psychology has demonstrated that deep reading—slow, immersive, rich in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity—is a distinctive experience, different in kind from the mere decoding of words. Although deep reading does not, strictly speaking, require a conventional book, the built-in limits of the printed page are uniquely helpful to the deep reading experience. A book’s lack of hyperlinks (超链接), for example, frees the reader from decisions—Should I click on this link or not? —allowing her to remain fully immersed in the narrative.That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich in detail, indirect reference and figures of speech: by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if the scene were unfolding in real life. The emotional situations and moral dilemmas that are the stuff of literature are also vigorous exercise for the brain, propelling us inside the heads of fictional characters and even, studies suggest, increasing our real-life capacity for empathy (认同).None of this is likely to happen when we’re browsing through a website. Although we call the activity by the same name, the deep reading of books and the information-driven reading we do on the Web are very different, both in the experience they produce and in the capacities they develop. A growing body of evidence suggests that online reading may be less engaging and less satisfying, even for the “digital natives” to whom it is so familiar. Last month, for example, Britain’s National Literacy Trust released the results of a study of 34,910 young people aged 8 to 16. Researchers reported that 39% of children and s read daily using electronic devices, but only 28% read printed materials every day. Those who read only onscreen were three times less likely to say they enjoy reading very much and a third less likely to have a favorite book. The study also found that young people who read daily only onscreen were nearly two times less likely to be above-average readers than those who read daily in print or both in print and onscreen.01. What does the author say about “deep reading”?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. It serves as a complement to online reading.B. It should be preserved before it is too late.C. It is mainly suitable for reading literature.D. It is an indispensable part of education.02. Why does the author advocate the reading of literature?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. It helps promote readers’ intellectual and emotional growth.B. It enables readers to appreciate the complexity of language.C. It helps readers build up immersive reading habits.D. It is quickly becoming an enered practice.03. In what way does printed-page reading differ from online reading? __[空格内填写选项大写字母]A. It ensures the reader’s cognitive growth.B. It enables the reader to be fully engaged.C. It activates a different region of the brain.D. It helps the reader learn rhetorical devices.04. What do the studies show about online reading?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. It gradually impairs one’s eyesight. B. It keeps arousing readers’ curiosity.C. It provides up-to-date information.D. It renders reading less enjoyable.05. What do we learn from the study released by Britain’s National Literacy Trust?__ [空格内填写选项大写字母]A. Onscreen readers may be less competent readers.B. Those who do reading in print are less informed.C. Young people find reading onscreen more enjoyable.D. It is now easier to find a favorite book online to read.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Whenever we could, Joan and I took refuge in the streets of Gibraltar. The Englishman’s home is his castle because he has not much choice. There is nowhere to sit in the streets ofEngland, not even, after twilight, in the public gardens. The climate, very often, does not even permit him to walk outside. Naturally, he stays indoors and creates a cocoon of comfort. That was the way we lived in Leeds.These southern people, on the other hand, look outwards. The Gibraltarian home is, typically, a small and crowded apartment up several flights of dark and dirty stairs. In it, one, two or even three old people share a few ill-lit rooms with the young family. Once he has eaten, changed his clothes, embraced his wife, kissed his children and his parents, there is nothing to keep the southern man at home. He hurries out, taking even his breakfast coffee at his local bar. He comes home late for his afternoon meal after an appetitive hour at his cafe. He sleeps for an hour, dresses, goes out again and stays out until late at night. His wife does not miss him, for she is out, too- at the market in the morning and in the afternoon sitting with other mothers, baby-minding in the sun.The usual Gibraltarian home has no sitting-room, living-room or lounge. The parlour of our working-class houses would be an intolerable waste of space. Easy-chairs, sofas and such-like furniture are unknown. There are no bookshelves, because there are no books. Talking and drinking, as well as eating, are done on hard chairs round the dining-table, between a sideboard decorated with the best glasses and an inevitable display cabinet full of family treasures, photographs and souvenirs. The elaborate chandelier over this table proclaims it as the hub of the household and of the family. ‘Hearth and home’ makes very little sense in Gibraltar. One’s home is one’s town or village, and one’s hearth is the sunshine.Our northern towns are dormitories with cubicles, by comparison. When we congregate- in the churches it used to be, now in the cinema, say, impersonally, or at public meetings, formally - we are scarcely ever man to man. Only in our pubs can you find the truly gregarious and communal spirit surviving, and inEnglandeven the pubs are divided along class lines.Along this Mediterranean coast, home is only a refuge and a retreat. The people live together in the open air- in the street, market-place. Down here, there is a far stronger feeling of community than we had ever known. In crowded and circumscribed Gibraltar, with its complicated inter-marriages, its identity of interests, its surviving sense of siege, one can see and feel an integrated society.To live in a tiny town with all the organization of a state, with Viceroy (总督), Premier, Parliament, Press and Pentagon, all in miniature, all within arm’s reach, is an intensive course in civics. In such an environment, nothing can be hidden, for better or for worse. One’s successes are seen and recognized; one’s failures are immediately exposed. Social consciousness is at its strongest, with the result that there is a constant and firm pressure towards good social behaviour, towards courtesy and kindness. Gibraltar, with all its faults, is the friendliest and most tolerant of places. Straight from the cynical anonymity of a big city, we luxuriated in its happy personalism. We look back on it, like all its exiled sons and daughters, with true affection.06. Which of the following best explains the differences in ways of living between the English and the Gibraltarians? __[空格内填写选项大写字母] A. The family structure. B. The climate. C. Religious belief. D. Eating habit.07. The italicized part “The parlour of our working-class houses would be an intolerable waste of space.”(the 2nd sentence) in the third paragraph implies that __[空格内填写选项大写字母] A. English working-class homes are similar to Gibraltarian ones. B. the English working-class parlour is intolerable in Gibraltar. C. English working-class homes waste a lot of space. D. English working-class homes have spacious sitting-rooms.08. We learn from the description of the Gibraltarian home that it is __[空格内填写选项大写字母] A. modern. B. luxurious. C. . D. stark.09. There is a much stronger sense of __ among the Gibraltarians. [空格内填写选项大写字母] A. togetherness B. survival C. identity D. leisure10. According to the passage, people in Gibraltar tend to be well-behaved because of the following EXCEPT __[空格内填写选项大写字母] A. the entirety of the state structure. B. the small size of the town. C. constant pressure from the state. D. transparency of occurrences.